Parkinson’s disease is a neurological disorder that affects the brain. It causes tremors, stiffness, and slowness of movement.
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive disease that often affects a person’s quality of life. However, there are treatments that can help control some of the symptoms and improve quality of life.
Symptoms
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is one of the most common neurocognitive disorders. Modvigil 200 Australia helps in memory, thinking, and reasoning.
Early symptoms include slowness of movement (bradykinesia), tremors,s and muscle stiffness (rigidity). These symptoms are usually mild, with the tremor and stiffness limited to one side of the body, but gradually they worsen as the disease progresses.
In later stages, balance problems occur more often, making falls and accidents more likely. In addition, many people develop cognitive problems (dementia) and thinking difficulties.
Another sign of Parkinson’s changes in the voice. A person’s voice may start out softer, then fade away or become monotonous.
Changes in facial expressions are also common symptoms. They may be mask-like, causing the face to change very little or not at all. This occurs because of reduced control of facial muscles.
Assessment
Assessment for Parkinson’s disease typically involves a combination of medical history and a neurological examination. It may also include a single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scan, which can show changes in the brain that may suggest Parkinson’s disease. Buy Artvigil Australia help to with the smartness your brain.
Dementia and problems with cognitive function are common in patients with Parkinson’s disease. This happens when nerve cells degenerate, leading to chemical changes in the brain. Experts don’t know why people with Parkinson’s develop dementia, or how to prevent it.
Mild and severe neurocognitive disorders are the most common types of cognitive impairment in people with Parkinson’s disease, occurring in up to 75% of patients. Although the diagnosis of these disorders depends on a person’s symptoms and physical exam, experts have developed standardized criteria for diagnosing mild and major neurocognitive disorders in people with Parkinson’s disease. These criteria rely on the concern of the patient or informed informant, and on formal neuropsychological testing demonstrating a significant or modest cognitive decline in one or more cognitive domains.
Diagnosis
There is no specific test to diagnose Parkinson’s disease, so doctors base their diagnosis on a medical history and a neurological examination. They also may recommend a single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scan called a dopamine transporter scan, which can help determine the location of the faulty nerve cells in your brain that don’t produce enough dopamine.
The most common forms of neurocognitive disorders are Alzheimer’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Diagnosis involves a progressive decline in memory and cognitive functions. These is caused by abnormalities in the parts of the brain that control thinking, emotions, and behavior.
They usually begin gradually and then worsen. They can lead to severe disability and care needs. Treatment options include medication, surgery, and exercise. Lifestyle changes can also help reduce the risk of developing a major or mild neurocognitive disorder. These include eating a healthy diet, getting plenty of vitamins and minerals, avoiding cigarettes, managing blood pressure, and maintaining adequate oxygen levels in the brain.
Treatment
Many people with PD experience mild and severe neurocognitive disorders, and a doctor’s evaluation may be important for these patients. This can help a health professional identify if these problems are related to the disease itself, or to medications or other factors.
The first step in a neurologist’s evaluation is to conduct a neuropsychological test to evaluate memory and other mental functions. This can help a neurologist determine the severity of your problem and whether or not to prescribe medication or refer you to another medical professional.
Some medicines can ease or stop a patient’s tremors or stiffness, and other medications can relieve depression, agitation, or sleep disturbances. For some people with PD, a deep brain stimulation procedure may be helpful to reduce the amount of medicine they need.
In many cases, these medications are successful in maintaining a good quality of life. Other treatments, such as the environmental modification or occupational therapy, can also help with these issues.